Math July 13, 2026 · 8 Min Read

Square of a Binomial Calculator – Guide & Formulas

Expand binomial squares instantly. Enter a and b to compute (a + b)² and (a - b)² with step-by-step expansion and verification.

Expand any binomial square instantly with our free calculator. Enter a and b to compute both (a + b)² and (a - b)² with step-by-step expansion and verification.

Key Takeaway

Use the free Square of a Binomial Calculator to expand binomial squares instantly. enter a and b to compute (a + b)² and (a - b)² with step-by-step expansion and verification. Get instant results with step-by-step explanations.

How to Use the Square of a Binomial Calculator

  1. Enter the value or expression for a (first term of the binomial).
  2. Enter the value or expression for b (second term of the binomial).
  3. Review the expanded forms for both (a + b)² and (a - b)².
  4. Check the step-by-step FOIL expansion and verification.

The Formula

Square of a sum: (a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b². Square of a difference: (a - b)² = a² - 2ab + b². The middle term is always ±2ab.

Variable Definitions

  • a: The first term of the binomial
  • b: The second term of the binomial
  • 2ab: The middle (cross) term — positive for sum, negative for difference
  • : The square of the first term
  • : The square of the second term

Expanding (3x + 4)²

Apply the binomial square formula to a linear expression.

  1. Step 1: Identify a = 3x and b = 4.
  2. Step 2: Apply (a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b².
  3. Step 3: Compute each term: a² = (3x)² = 9x², 2ab = 2(3x)(4) = 24x, b² = 4² = 16.
  4. Step 4: Combine: (3x + 4)² = 9x² + 24x + 16.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the square of a binomial?

The square of a binomial (a + b)² expands to a² + 2ab + b². The square of (a - b)² expands to a² - 2ab + b². This is a fundamental algebraic identity used throughout mathematics.

Why is the middle term 2ab and not ab?

When you multiply (a + b)(a + b) using FOIL, the outer and inner products both give ab, so you get ab + ab = 2ab. This is why the middle term is always doubled.

What is the common mistake with binomial squares?

The most common error is writing (a + b)² = a² + b², forgetting the middle term 2ab. Always apply the full formula: a² + 2ab + b².

Can I use this for expressions with variables?

Yes. For example, (2x + 3y)² = 4x² + 12xy + 9y². Treat each term as a single unit and apply the formula.

How does this relate to the FOIL method?

Squaring a binomial is a special case of FOIL: (a + b)(a + b) = First + Outer + Inner + Last = a² + ab + ab + b² = a² + 2ab + b².

What about (a + b)³?

The cube uses the binomial theorem: (a + b)³ = a³ + 3a²b + 3ab² + b³. This calculator focuses on the square (second power) only.

Can a or b be negative?

Yes. For (a + b)², if b is negative, say b = -c, then (a - c)² = a² - 2ac + c². The formula handles signs automatically.

How do I verify my expansion?

Multiply the original binomial by itself: (a + b)² = (a + b)(a + b). Use FOIL to expand and confirm you get a² + 2ab + b².